Weekly at a glance
- Mon 12 Oct — Patna Metro gets a 2028 deadline, Bihar plans 7,373 acres for two greenfield airports, CWC flood alert on the Gandak; RBI's first repo hike since 2023
- Wed 14 Oct — Raghopur (Vaishali) Ganga boat tragedy kills 13 children; Bihar opens first 12 MW data centre; WPI inflation surges to 11.39%
- Fri 16 Oct — Muzaffarpur leather cluster & Bihar's 1,000 MW data-centre goal, Vaishali boat tragedy, and September WPI inflation at 11.39%
All topics — key facts for revision
12 October 2026
Full notes with diagrams →- Completion target: 2028; the CM said speed must not compromise quality and safety.
- 2 foot overbridges on Nehru Path (Bailey Road): near J.D. Women's College and between the High Court crossing and Bihar Museum.
- Agencies told to plan traffic diversions and coordinate (Road Construction Dept, Patna Metro Rail Corporation, district administration, traffic police).
- Executing agency: Patna Metro Rail Corporation; review attended by Deputy CM Vijay Kumar Chaudhary.
- Sonpur (Saran): ~4,228 acres, 26 mauzas, ~14,224 landowners in Sonpur and Dariyapur blocks; earlier approved outlay ₹1,302 crore; planned runway ~4,200 m.
- Bhagalpur-Munger: ~3,145 acres, ~14 mauzas, ~12,000 landowners (Bhagalpur Sadar, Sultanganj, Munger Sadar, Tarapur, Bariarpur).
- Route: direct purchase first under the Bihar Raiyati Land Purchase Policy, 2020; statutory acquisition as a fallback.
- Compensation is set by local raiyati land purchase committees; the consultant only assists.
- Inflow at the Gandak Barrage, Valmikinagar (West Champaran) may rise slightly; Bagaha riverside areas are on alert.
- Gandak districts: West & East Champaran, Gopalganj, Saran, Muzaffarpur, Vaishali.
- Budhi Gandak districts: Champaran region, Muzaffarpur, Samastipur, Begusarai, Khagaria.
- CWC expects the surge to weaken before the border, with no major threat to the diara plains.
- Bridge: administrative approval ~₹4,250 crore; length ~14.5 km; cuts travel by up to ~30 km; links Patna and Saran.
- It will divert long-distance and freight traffic away from central Patna.
- Toll on 47 bridges longer than 250 m and 55 state highways, for commercial vehicles, through FASTag-based electronic collection.
- The 2 Sept 2026 cabinet approved ₹30.94 crore for toll consultancy; officials studied the Rajasthan model.
- Earlier footfall: 9.40 lakh (2022), 29.89 lakh (2023), 30.59 lakh (2024), 34.79 lakh (2025).
- Foreign visitors came from Russia, France, Germany, Italy, Brazil, Ukraine.
- Facilities: a tent city for 18,000+ people, an AI-based translation service (~1 lakh users), 15,000+ wristbands for children and the elderly.
- 1,101 saplings planted at Pitru Vatika under the 'One Tree in the Name of Ancestors' drive.
- Monthly pension (old age, disability, widow) raised from ₹400 to ₹1,100; officials told to run a special campaign to cover every eligible person.
- Bihar has about 7 lakh teachers; women teachers are to be posted in nearby panchayats.
- 211 new degree colleges to take higher education to the block level; ~100 college teachers to train abroad (including Oxford).
- About 21% of the state budget goes to education; ~700 model schools serve ~3.5 lakh students.
- India: FY27 7.1%, FY28 7.2%; FY26 estimate 7.8%.
- South Asia: 6.9% in 2026 (up from 6.3%), 6.7% in 2027.
- Industry and services expected to offset weak agriculture; risk from a larger monsoon deficit.
- Current account deficit held at 0.6% of GDP in FY26.
- Repo 5.50%; SDF 5.25%; MSF and Bank Rate 5.75%.
- FY27 projections: GDP 7.1% (up from 6.7%); CPI 5.2% (up from 5.0%). August CPI was 4.8%.
- Reasons: weak monsoon and El Niño, crude above $100/barrel due to the West Asia conflict, and a narrower India-US rate gap.
- Items with inflation above 4% rose to ~37% of the CPI basket.
- Pillay was UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (2008–14), an ICC judge, and President of the ICTR (Rwanda tribunal).
- There were 287 nominations (208 individuals, 79 organisations); prize money is SEK 12 million.
- 2026 laureates: Medicine: Deisseroth, Hegemann, Nagel (optogenetics); Literature: Anne Carson (Canada).
- The Economics prize is announced today (12 October).
- Arrest powers removed by omitting Section 69 of the CGST Act, 2017.
- Prosecution threshold raised from ₹1 crore to ₹5 crore; general penalty (Sec 125) cut from ₹25,000 to ₹10,000.
- 90% of refunds for zero-rated supplies and inverted duty provisionally sanctioned automatically; most refunds within 3 working days.
- GST rate changes to be taken up once a year; reforms effective from 1 April 2027.
- The SC asked the Centre to sensitise Tamil Nadu fishermen against crossing into Sri Lankan waters; next hearing February 2027.
- Petitioners argue ceding territory needed a constitutional amendment of Schedule I.
- 1974 agreement recognised the island as Sri Lankan; the 1976 agreement limited Indian fishing rights.
- The island (~285 acres) lies in the Palk Strait, about 33 km from Rameswaram.
14 October 2026
Full notes with diagrams →- District administration confirmed 13 bodies recovered; 7 children rescued and shifted to NMCH, Patna.
- PM announced ₹2 lakh per deceased and ₹50,000 per injured from PMNRF.
- CM Samrat Choudhary announced ₹4 lakh per deceased family from the state.
- SDRF teams and local divers led the search; overcrowding suspected, cause under inquiry.
- Current target 35 lakh MT; state seeking 50 lakh MT with Centre's support.
- Target achieved: 68.42% (2023-24) → 87.18% (2024-25) → record 99.84% (2025-26).
- Paddy MSP 2026-27: ₹2,441/qtl for common variety (up ₹72).
- Doorstep ration for people aged 80+ and persons with disabilities; new fair price shop licences to be expedited.
- NFSA need ~33.16 lakh MT rice, i.e. ~48.87 lakh MT paddy a year.
- Goal: at least 1,000 MW of data-centre capacity in Bihar within 5 years.
- State budget ~₹3.47 lakh crore; own revenue ~₹70,000 crore, target ₹2 lakh crore.
- About 13,000 acres of land being readied for industrial units.
- Push for electronics manufacturing in the Ganga belt incl. Hajipur, and renewable power for data centres.
- Target 1 lakh tonnes/yr green hydrogen by 2031; 1 GW electrolysers; ~2.5 GW renewable capacity.
- Expected investment ₹16,000 crore; ~12,000 direct and indirect jobs; nodal agency BREDA.
- ₹2,761.55 crore to solarise the remaining 2,554 agri feeders with 2,585 MW of solar plants.
- VAT on ATF cut from 1% to zero at RCS-UDAN airports.
- Graduates': Patna, Darbhanga, Tirhut, Kosi; Teachers': Patna, Darbhanga, Tirhut, Saran.
- Part of 28 seats in 4 states: UP 11, Bihar 8, Maharashtra 5, Karnataka 4.
- Notification 29 Sep; polling 23 Oct (8 am–4 pm); counting 27 Oct; process ends 31 Oct.
- Voting by preferential ballot (single transferable vote).
- Implement the BIMSTEC Convention on Combating International Terrorism, Transnational Organised Crime & Illicit Drug Trafficking (in force March 2021).
- Finalise conventions on extradition, transfer of sentenced persons and trafficking in persons.
- Set up a BIMSTEC Drug Offences Monitoring Desk and an SOP for rescue and repatriation of trafficking victims.
- Convention on Mutual Legal Assistance was signed at the 5th Summit, Colombo (March 2022).
- India's FY26 growth estimated at 7.8%.
- India is an exception among energy-importing emerging economies facing medium-term downgrades.
- Oil price assumption: $95.74/bbl (2026) and $87.39/bbl (2027).
- Baseline assumes the Strait of Hormuz reopens by March 2027.
- Proposed charge of about 0.4% on select payments above ₹2,000, varying by category with caps.
- P2P transfers and payments up to ₹2,000 remain free.
- Deferment is not a withdrawal; merchant bodies and fintechs had sought the delay.
- Listed fintech stocks rebounded after the announcement.
- Built by Cochin Shipyard Ltd with over 80% indigenous content.
- Fitted with Abhay hull-mounted sonar, lightweight torpedoes, indigenous ASW rocket launcher and Mareech torpedo decoy.
- Named after Mangrol, a fishing harbour in Junagadh (Gujarat); revives the name of a minesweeper decommissioned in 2004.
- Meanwhile, India–UK naval exercise KONKAN-26 runs off Plymouth (8–15 Oct) with INS Trishul.
- Woodford's New Keynesian framework (*Interest and Prices*, 2003) underpins modern inflation targeting.
- Hall is known for work on consumption (random-walk hypothesis), labour markets and business cycles.
- Prize shared equally; it was instituted by Sweden's central bank in 1968.
- Relevance: RBI's flexible inflation targeting (CPI 4% ± 2%) draws on this research.
16 October 2026
Full notes with diagrams →- About 12 lakh people of Bihar still migrate for wage work; target — jobs within the state before 2030.
- MoU between Bihar Industries Department and FDDI (Footwear Design & Development Institute); sheds and land-allotment letters handed over.
- Target 1,000 MW data-centre capacity by 2030 (projected investment ~₹10 lakh crore); a 12 MW data centre is already running in Patna.
- ~10,000 MW power for industry in 5 years; voluntary land-givers to get 10% above the prescribed rate.
- Integrated Manufacturing Cluster under way at Gaya; similar clusters proposed for Muzaffarpur and Darbhanga.
- Focus crops: wheat, maize, pulses and oilseeds.
- Themes: seed selection, soil testing, zero tillage, seed drills, drones, organic & natural farming.
- Farmers told about DBT subsidies, block-level subsidised inputs and crop demonstrations.
- Outreach via Kisan melas, Kisan pathshalas, field days and Kisan Jan Kalyan Chaupal-cum-Khet Bachao Abhiyan-2026.
- Present: Dy CM Vijay Kumar Choudhary and Agriculture Minister Vijay Kumar Sinha.
- SDRF joined search and rescue; the injured were taken to NMCH, Patna; night plying of a private boat questioned.
- Relief per deceased child: ₹4 lakh ex-gratia (disaster relief norms) + ₹2 lakh from PMNRF.
- Also ₹20,000 under Mukhyamantri Parivarik Labh Yojana and ₹3,000 under Kabir Antyeshti Yojana.
- Injured under treatment: ₹50,000 each from PMNRF.
- Raghopur is a large diara (riverine island) of the Ganga opposite Patna, heavily dependent on boats.
- Runway 1,000 m × 30 m; runway strip 1,120 m; safety areas (RESA) at both ends.
- Two-floor terminal of 1,580 sq m, ATC tower, fire station; fit for Code 2B small aircraft (two at a time).
- Airport has ~60 acres, needs 15 more — state to give ~12 acres and bear ~₹147 crore land cost.
- Completion window: 450 days, including two monsoon months.
- Bihar cabinet (12 Oct) cleared ₹225.91 crore to acquire ~50 acres for a logistics park & cargo hub at Darbhanga airport.
- The Bihar Land Mutation Act, 2011 and its 2012 Rules lack a clear provision to mutate a flat owner's land share.
- A buyer owns a proportionate (undivided) share of land that cannot be demarcated like a plot.
- In April 2025, mutation, record transfer and jamabandi entries for flat owners were halted.
- A separate online facility (apart from the Bihar Bhumi portal) is planned; a Bill will follow in the winter session.
- Signed by VC Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi and UNA Rector Prof. Zully Concepción Vera de Molinas; Ambassador Piyush Singh present.
- Covers joint research, faculty/student exchange, conferences and joint publications.
- Priority areas: languages & cultural studies, sustainability & climate change, trade & development cooperation.
- Graduates': Patna, Darbhanga, Tirhut, Kosi; Teachers': Patna, Darbhanga, Tirhut, Saran.
- Terms of sitting members end on 16 November 2026.
- Schedule: notification 29 Sep, nominations closed 6 Oct, withdrawal 9 Oct.
- Same round covers Karnataka (4), Maharashtra (5) and UP (11) — 28 seats in all.
- Deficit narrowed by $2.79 bn from ~$33 bn in September 2025.
- Drivers: electronics +70.4% ($5.3 bn), petroleum products +31.9% ($6.2 bn), chemicals +24.2% ($3 bn).
- April–September 2026: exports $259.89 bn (+18.51%), imports $437.53 bn (+16.31%).
- India–US trade deal: first tranche called 'finalised'; legal vetting still pending.
- ~3.20 crore beneficiaries in all 36 States/UTs; 100% central funding (states may top up).
- Disability pension: threshold cut from 80% to 40%, available from birth; ₹300 → ₹375 (0–79 yrs), ₹500 → ₹625 (80+).
- Renamed: IGNOAPS → PM Vridhavastha Pension Yojana; IGNWPS → PM Vidhawa Pension Yojana; IGNDPS → PM Divyangjan Pension Yojana.
- NFBS → PM Parivar Labh Yojana (₹20,000 one-time); old-age central rate stays ₹200 (60–79) / ₹500 (80+).
- Section 16 was added by amendment circulated on 11 Dec 2023 — not in the original Bill — and passed without debate in the Rajya Sabha.
- Grounds: violates Articles 14 and 21 and the basic structure; immunity is lifelong and not limited to good-faith acts.
- Article 361 protects the President and Governors from criminal proceedings only during their term.
- Plea tagged with a similar pending Lok Prahari petition.
- SIOFA manages non-tuna high-seas stocks (e.g., toothfish, alfonsino, squid); highly migratory species are excluded.
- Tuna is regulated by the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC) — India a member since 1996.
- India gains seats on Scientific & Compliance Committees and in the High Seas Boarding and Inspection scheme.
- High seas cover ~65% of the ocean; Indian vessels mostly fish within 60–80 nautical miles.
- Land phase till 23 October; Russian core — 90th Guards Tank Division.
- Indian Navy frigate INS Sahyadri with Russian corvette Aldar Tsydenzhapov; maritime opening at Vladivostok.
- Air crews fly Su-30SM fighters and Mi-8 helicopters; drills include counter-drone and unmanned-boat defence.
Prelims rapid-fire — 18 facts
| JP Jayanti (11 Oct) — Jayaprakash Narayan was born at Sitab Diara (Saran); led the 1974 'Sampoorna Kranti'; Bharat Ratna 1999 |
| Patna Ramleela 2026 — Held at Gandhi Maidan; Ravan Dahan on 20 October |
| Bihar Pension Day — ₹1,237.48 crore transferred by DBT on 10 October 2026 |
| 57th GST Council — Sec 69 CGST Act (arrest power) omitted; once-a-year rate review |
| RBI policy corridor — SDF 5.25% | Repo 5.50% | MSF 5.75% |
| Nobel Literature 2026 — Anne Carson (Canada); Peace: Navi Pillay (South Africa) |
| Vaishali will host Bihar's first International Buddhist Conference on 11–13 Dec 2026 at the Buddha Samyak Darshan Museum-cum-Memorial Stupa. |
| Bihar cabinet: Mukhya Mantri Hemophilia Yojana for 255 patients using Emicizumab. |
| Retail CPI (new base 2024) at 5.54% in Sep 2026; onion inflation 108.09%. |
| RBI hiked the repo rate by 25 bps to 5.50% on 7 Oct 2026. |
| WWF Living Planet Report 2026: average 73% fall in monitored wildlife populations (1970–2022); freshwater 85%. |
| UNCTAD Trade & Development Report 2026: India the fastest-growing large economy at 7.3% in 2026. |
| BHAVYA (Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana): ₹33,660 crore for 100 plug-and-play industrial parks, 2026-27 to 2031-32. |
| First ASEAN–India Defence Think Tank Forum held at MP-IDSA, New Delhi on 14–15 October 2026. |
| Bihar cabinet (12 Oct): ₹575.36 crore grid substation at Pipra (Supaul); 72 MLD Ganga-based water scheme for Mahua–Chehrakalan (Vaishali). |
| Munger water scheme (₹279.51 crore, 22 MLD) draws on Kharagpur Lake for 177 wards. |
| RBI repo rate: 5.50% after a 25 bps hike on 7 October 2026. |
| Mahila Kisan Diwas — 15 October; women farmers honoured at ICAR–RCER, Patna. |
Data points of the period
Up from 6.6%; RBI also projects 7.1%. Q1 FY27 growth was 7.8%; South Asia is forecast at 6.9% for 2026.
Up from 9.92% in August: fuel & power 25.85%, manufactured products 9.76% (series high), food index 8.66%. Retail CPI hit a 23-month high of 5.54% (food 7.74%), driven by the West Asia conflict and Strait of Hormuz blockade; RBI raised the repo rate by 25 bps to 5.50% on 7 Oct.
Wholesale inflation rose from 9.92% in August, led by fuel & power (25.85%); retail CPI rose to 5.54% (food 7.74%, rural 6.08%). The RBI raised the repo rate by 25 bps to 5.50% on 7 October — its first hike since February 2023.
6 practice MCQs — BPSC Prelims pattern
Q1. Consider the following statements about the proposed greenfield airport at Sonpur: 1. It is located in Saran district. 2. Land is to be bought first through direct purchase under the Bihar Raiyati Land Purchase Policy, 2020. 3. It is planned on the bank of the Kosi river. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Sonpur is in Saran, and the state will first try direct purchase under the Bihar Raiyati Land Purchase Policy, 2020. The site is near the Gandak-Ganga confluence, not the Kosi.
Q2. With reference to the decisions of the 57th GST Council (October 2026), consider the following: 1. Arrest powers were withdrawn by omitting Section 69 of the CGST Act, 2017. 2. The prosecution threshold was raised from ₹1 crore to ₹5 crore. 3. GST rate changes will be taken up once a year. How many of the above are correct?
- Only one
- Only two
- All three
- None
Show answer
All three are correct. The Council also cut the general penalty under Sec 125 from ₹25,000 to ₹10,000; the reforms take effect from 1 April 2027.
Q3. With reference to State Legislative Councils, consider the following statements: 1. Under Article 169, Parliament may create or abolish a Council if the State Assembly passes a resolution by special majority. 2. One-twelfth of the members are elected by graduates of at least three years' standing residing in the State. 3. The Bihar Legislative Council has 75 seats. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
All three are correct: Article 169 governs creation/abolition; Article 171(3)(b) gives 1/12 seats to graduates; Bihar's Council has 75 members.
Q4. Consider the following statements about BIMSTEC: 1. It was established in 1997 through the Bangkok Declaration. 2. Its permanent Secretariat is located in Kathmandu. 3. Myanmar and Thailand are its members. Which of the statements given above are correct?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 3 only
- (c) 2 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
BIMSTEC was set up by the Bangkok Declaration (1997); its Secretariat is in Dhaka, not Kathmandu; Myanmar and Thailand are among its 7 members.
Q5. With reference to the Bihar Legislative Council, consider the following statements: 1. It has 75 members. 2. One-twelfth of the members of a State Legislative Council are elected by teachers. 3. The Council can be dissolved by the Governor. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Bihar Vidhan Parishad has 75 members and 1/12 are elected by teachers under Article 171. It is a permanent House — it cannot be dissolved; one-third of members retire every two years.
Q6. Consider the following pairs (place in news — district of Bihar): 1. Mahwal Industrial Area — Muzaffarpur 2. Raghopur diara — Vaishali 3. Kharagpur Lake — Munger. How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
- Only one
- Only two
- All three
- None
Show answer
All three are correct: the ₹140.95 crore leather cluster is at Mahwal (Motipur, Muzaffarpur); Raghopur is a Ganga diara in Vaishali; Kharagpur Lake (Haveli Kharagpur) is in Munger.
Mains practice questions
- Bihar is investing heavily in connectivity: greenfield airports, new Ganga bridges and Patna Metro. Examine how these projects can change the state's economy, and discuss the challenges of land acquisition and financing. (BPSC Mains GS-II)
- Bihar's paddy procurement efficiency has risen sharply in recent years, yet small farmers still face distress sales. Examine the role of PACS-led decentralised procurement and suggest measures to strengthen it. (BPSC Mains GS-II)
- Distress migration from Bihar is both an economic and a social challenge. Examine how labour-intensive industrial clusters and new-age sectors such as data centres can generate jobs within the state by 2030. (BPSC Mains GS-II, 38 marks)
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