Weekly at a glance
- Tue 29 Sep — UPITS 4.0 wraps up in Greater Noida, heavy-rain alert shuts schools across UP, and Aligarh's Gulveer Singh bags a second Asian Games silver
- Wed 30 Sep — UPITS 2026 closes with ₹6,500 crore MoUs; CM sets 70% approval–60% spending budget targets; MLC & Rajya Sabha polls notified in UP
- Thu 1 Oct — Paddy procurement opens in western UP at new MSP; UP's 10 Rajya Sabha and 11 MLC seats head to polls; CM sets November deadline for budget spending
- Fri 2 Oct — Gandhi–Shastri Jayanti Khadi rebate, record UPITS 4.0 MoUs and Rabi MSP 2027-28 lead today's UP digest
All topics — key facts for revision
29 September 2026
Full notes with diagrams →- 2,400+ exhibitors; buyers from about 85 countries; ~1.5 lakh B2B visitors expected.
- 6 partner countries: Japan, Russia, Vietnam, Singapore, Austria, Belarus.
- New 'One District, One Cuisine' (ODOC) showcase alongside ODOP pavilions.
- UP exports goods worth over ₹2 lakh crore a year; state has 79 GI-tagged products.
- 2025 edition: 5.07 lakh visitors, 2,400+ MoUs (₹1,882 cr), inquiries of ₹11,200 cr+.
- At least 17 rain-related deaths reported; schools shut in 19 districts at the weekend peak.
- Extreme-rain alert for 8 Terai/Rohilkhand districts incl. Shravasti, Bahraich, Lakhimpur Kheri, Pilibhit.
- Standing paddy flattened in Jaunpur, Mirzapur and Azamgarh.
- Badaun: administration confirmed 32 cattle deaths in gau-ashrayas; case filed, CDO-level monitoring.
- Double silver: 10,000 m and 1500 m.
- Same day: Yashvir Singh javelin silver (85.72 m), Rohit Yadav javelin bronze (84.35 m).
- Vithya Ramraj (400 m hurdles bronze) broke P.T. Usha's 42-year-old national record.
- Men's and women's kabaddi teams won gold, beating Iran.
- Chitrakoot Link Expressway: 15.172 km, six-lane, ₹1,008.67 cr.
- Small/marginal farmers: loans up to ₹6 lakh at 6% p.a. via Cooperative Gram Vikas Bank.
- 20% horizontal reservation for ex-Agniveers in Enforcement Constable & Jail Warder posts.
- 14,429 primary schools to become smart schools (₹300 cr); PRD allowance ₹500→₹600/day.
- ~26 ha free land for an NSG regional hub in Ayodhya; 120 KLPD ethanol plant at Chhata (Mathura).
- Drinking water ₹18,829 cr and sewerage ₹10,124 cr — the two biggest heads.
- Lake rejuvenation ₹403.45 cr; parks/green spaces ₹89.76 cr.
- Status: 114 completed, 453 ongoing.
- Executing agency: UP Jal Nigam; focus on time-bound completion.
- ODOP (launched 24 Jan 2018, UP Diwas): one signature product per district.
- Famous GI crafts: Bhadohi carpets, Moradabad brassware, Kannauj perfume, Banarasi silk.
- 6 lakh+ artisans trained/given toolkits; trades covered raised from 11 to 25.
- UP has 1 crore+ MSME units employing 3 crore+ people.
- Target of ~30 lakh diyas (2025 record: ~26 lakh).
- 2,100-drone aerial show, repeated on Jamghat; 3D projection, laser, green fireworks.
- 284 projects worth ₹5,452.79 cr to be inaugurated/founded during the festivities.
- Ten Ramayan-themed gateways on Dharma Path; diaspora from 30+ countries invited.
- Up to 3 ATS per district, each testing up to 24,000 vehicles/year.
- Land norm cut 2.5 acre → 1 acre; ₹6-crore net-worth condition dropped.
- Private investment model — no extra burden on the state exchequer.
- PWD review: pothole repair, pending projects above ₹50 cr, plan for FY 2027-28.
- Upgrade of 80 basis points; FY28 growth seen moderating to 6.5%.
- OECD: Paris-based, 38 members; India is a key partner, not a member.
- At UPITS, the Union HM cited India's 7.8% growth as fastest among major economies.
- Criteria: 150 MMT/year cargo (bulk) or 7.5 million TEUs (container).
- Mundra is the only privately operated port on the list.
- States: Gujarat (Kandla, Mundra), Maharashtra (JNPA), Odisha (Paradip).
30 September 2026
Full notes with diagrams →- 4,400 MoUs worth ~₹6,500 crore signed; potential business from enquiries ₹15,500 crore.
- 41,500 B2B meetings (+31%); total footfall ~5.99 lakh incl. ~1.75 lakh business buyers.
- Partner countries rose from 1 (Russia, 2025) to 6: Russia, Austria, Japan, Singapore, Belarus, Vietnam.
- Theme “Ultimate Sourcing Begins Here”; ODOP plus the new One District One Cuisine showcased all 75 districts.
- UP Budget 2026-27: ₹9,99,056.48 crore; development schemes ₹5,01,957.09 crore.
- Approvals so far ₹5.16 lakh crore (51.6%); expenditure ₹2.84 lakh crore.
- Target by November: 70% financial approvals, 60% expenditure; Finance Minister to hold regular reviews.
- Focus: KCC mapping of farmers, better credit-deposit ratio, a Rural Credit Conclave, branding of GI products.
- MLC: 5 Graduates' + 6 Teachers' seats; polling 23 Oct, counting 27 Oct; seats fall vacant 6 Dec 2026.
- Rajya Sabha: 10 UP seats, polling & counting 16 Oct; nine terms end 25 Nov 2026.
- Nominations till 6 Oct; withdrawal 9 Oct (both polls).
- RS quota: 37 first-preference votes per seat (effective Assembly strength 397), single transferable vote.
- 3000m steeplechase bronze (27 Sept) in 9:08.67 — new national record (old: 9:12.46).
- 5000m bronze (28 Sept) in 15:14.61; also 4th in the 1500m.
- At Hangzhou 2022 she won 5000m gold and steeplechase silver; she is an Arjuna Award winner.
- Mukhyamantri Krishak Samriddhi Yojana: long-term loans up to ₹6 lakh at 6% a year for small & marginal farmers.
- Channel: UP Cooperative Village Development Bank.
- Council primary schools to become smart schools; cashless treatment up to ₹5 lakh for PRD volunteers.
- Modified Chitrakoot Link Expressway (Bundelkhand) approved; land for an NSG regional hub at Milkipur.
- 20% horizontal reservation for ex-Agniveers in jail warden and transport enforcement posts.
- 3-year upper age relaxation for them.
- ATS Policy 2026: up to 3 automated vehicle-testing stations per district, needing only 1 acre of land.
- Stamp duty on rent agreements simplified (annual rent up to ₹10 lakh).
- Toy Manufacturing Incentive Policy 2025 aims to make UP a toy hub and cut import dependence.
- Chhata sugar mill (Mathura) to get an ethanol plant costing >₹200 crore, capacity 3.96 lakh litres/day.
- Plant is multi-feed: sugarcane, maize and rice; the mill reopens after about 19 years.
- Private Sai Global University, Kol tehsil (Aligarh), gets Letter of Intent.
- 1 lakh youths to get appointment letters in the next 6 months.
- About 9.5 lakh appointments already made through state recruitment bodies.
- CM stressed transparent, merit-based recruitment by boards and commissions such as UPPSC.
- Vishwakarma Shram Samman Yojana 2.0 — umbrella support for traditional artisans.
- New Margin Money Loan Portal; cheques and toolkits distributed to beneficiaries.
- Built on Vocal for Local and the ‘Atmanirbhar Uttar Pradesh’ goal.
- Net FDI $7.35 bn in July 2026, up ~64% year-on-year.
- Gross inflows $14.58 bn; communication, financial & computer services ≈ 60% of equity inflows.
- April–July 2026: net FDI $13.4 bn (+38%).
- Base size ₹600 crore + ₹500 crore green-shoe; 10-year tenor; rated AA+.
- Funds for ports, greenfield port projects, coastal roads and maritime lending.
- Blue bonds are debt instruments earmarked for ocean/marine projects.
- 9th edition; Indian contingent of 60, led by a Garhwal Rifles battalion.
- Focus: counter-terrorism in semi-urban & mountainous terrain (UN mandate).
- 8th edition (2024) was held at Auli, Uttarakhand.
1 October 2026
Full notes with diagrams →- MSP for KMS 2026-27: ₹2,441/quintal (common) and ₹2,461/quintal (Grade A) — up ₹72 over last season's ₹2,369/₹2,389.
- Procurement starts 1 October in western UP; eastern UP traditionally from 1 November.
- Farmers must register on the state Food & Civil Supplies portal or the UP Kisan Mitra app.
- Purchases via e-POP (Electronic Point of Purchase) devices with biometric verification; payment directly to Aadhaar-linked bank accounts.
- Born 2 October 1911 at Jondhwal, Prayagraj; leader of the Pasi community (a major Scheduled Caste group of UP).
- Campaigned against the colonial Criminal Tribes Act; jailed several times between 1932 and 1944.
- Member of the UP Legislative Assembly (1946-52), the Constituent Assembly and the Provisional Parliament.
- Elected to the first four Lok Sabhas from Phulpur and later Chail.
- Rajya Sabha: last date of nomination 6 Oct, scrutiny 7 Oct, withdrawal 9 Oct, poll and counting 16 Oct.
- Nine members retire on 25 November 2026; one vacancy arose after Dinesh Sharma became Lt Governor of Andaman & Nicobar.
- With effective Assembly strength of 397, a candidate needs 37 first-preference votes (single transferable vote, open ballot).
- MLC: 5 Graduates' + 6 Teachers' constituencies; poll 23 Oct, counting 27 Oct; current terms end 6 December.
- Budget 2026-27 size: ₹9,99,056.48 crore, of which development outlay ₹5,01,957.09 crore.
- Approvals issued: ₹5,15,918.44 crore (51.6%); actual spending ₹2,83,870.11 crore (~28.4%).
- Target: 70% approvals and at least 60% expenditure by November.
- Also ordered: mapping eligible farmers for Kisan Credit Card, a Rural Credit Conclave, and marketing of GI-tagged products.
- Inaugurated by Union Home & Cooperation Minister Amit Shah on 25 Sept, with the CM present.
- 2,400+ exhibitors; 600+ international buyers from 90 countries (vs 550 from 72 last year).
- Partner countries: Austria, Japan, Russia, Singapore, Belarus and Vietnam.
- Showcased ODOP (One District One Product) and the newer ODOC (One District One Cuisine).
- Mukhyamantri Krishak Samriddhi Yojana: long-term loans up to ₹6 lakh at 6% for small and marginal farmers.
- 20% horizontal reservation for former Agniveers in Jail Warder and Transport Enforcement Constable posts, with age relaxation.
- 14,429 primary schools to become smart schools (₹300 crore); Chitrakoot Link Expressway — 15.172 km, six-lane, ₹1,008.67 crore.
- Toy Manufacturing Policy-2025; 120 KLPD ethanol plant at Chhata (Mathura); PRD duty allowance ₹500 → ₹600/day; NSG regional hub in Ayodhya.
- UP has 79 entries in the official GI register (May 2026), ahead of Tamil Nadu (74) and West Bengal (58).
- The register lists 822 GI entries nationally.
- Iconic UP GIs: Banarasi Sari, Lucknow Chikan, Agra Petha, Moradabad Brass, Khurja Pottery.
- GIs are registered under the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration & Protection) Act, 1999; registry at Chennai.
- Replaces the Bankers' Books Evidence Act, 1891.
- Creates a technology-neutral framework — physical, electronic and digital bank records admissible as evidence.
- Permits digital/electronic signatures for certification; bank officers compelled to testify only on a court order showing special cause.
- Net FDI of about $7.3 billion in July 2026 — highest since May 2021.
- Communication and financial services drew the bulk (~60%) of equity inflows.
- Net FDI = gross inflows minus repatriation/disinvestment and outward FDI by Indian firms.
- Extended for 6 months in notified areas of Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh.
- Section 3 of AFSPA, 1958 lets the Centre or Governor declare an area 'disturbed'.
- Prosecution of armed forces personnel requires prior sanction of the Centre.
2 October 2026
Full notes with diagrams →- UP government offers a 25% discount on Khadi products from 2 October 2026 to 30 January 2027 (Gandhi's death anniversary / Martyrs' Day).
- CM linked Gandhi's Swadeshi and self-reliance to the goal of a developed India; Tricolour hoisted on all government buildings on Chief Secretary's orders.
- Lal Bahadur Shastri was born on 2 Oct 1904 at Mughalsarai (now Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Nagar, Chandauli); earned the 'Shastri' degree from Kashi Vidyapith (1925).
- UP links to Gandhi: BHU speech (Feb 1916), founding of Kashi Vidyapith (1921), and Chauri Chaura, Gorakhpur (4 Feb 1922) which led to withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
- Gram Sabhas begin the People's Plan Campaign 2026-27 to prepare the Gram Panchayat Development Plan (GPDP) for 2027-28.
- Agenda: VB-G RAM G (125 days of guaranteed wage employment per rural household), Jal Jeevan Mission, Swachh Bharat (Grameen), SVAMITVA and the Panchayat Advancement Index.
- Also on the agenda: e-GramSwaraj & AuditOnline, One Nation One Ration Card, new criminal laws (BNS, BNSS, BSA) and ending child marriage.
- The day doubles as Swachh Bharat Diwas; the Swachhata Hi Seva 2026 fortnight (17 Sept – 17 Oct) has the theme 'Swachhata Mein Sahbhag, Swachh Bharat, Viksit Bharat'.
- Won bronze in the women's 5000 m and bronze in the 3000 m steeplechase at the 2026 Asian Games (Aichi-Nagoya, Japan).
- She is a back-to-back Asian Games medallist: at the 2022 Games (Hangzhou) she won 5000 m gold.
- India's tally as of 2 October: 70 medals — 12 gold, 24 silver, 34 bronze.
- Meerut is UP's leading athletics nursery; it also hosts the Major Dhyan Chand Sports University project.
- 4,400 MoUs worth about ₹6,500 crore (up 142.5% in value over 2025) and potential business of ₹15,500 crore.
- 41,500 B2B meetings (+31%) and nearly 6 lakh visitors, including about 1.75 lakh business buyers.
- 6 partner countries: Russia, Austria, Japan, Singapore, Belarus and Vietnam (just 1 in 2025); 2,400 exhibitors. Theme: 'Ultimate Sourcing Begins Here'.
- Showcased ODOP products from all 75 districts along with the new 'One District, One Cuisine (ODOC)' initiative.
- Lokmata Ahilyabai Matrushakti Yojana: free lifetime travel in state buses for women aged 60+, which could benefit about 1 crore women.
- Swami Vivekananda Yuva Sashaktikaran Yojana: 25 lakh tablets over five years, with ₹2,374.60 crore set aside for 2026-27.
- Ganga Expressway to be extended towards Haridwar (Uttarakhand), adding to the 594 km Meerut–Prayagraj corridor opened in April 2026.
- ₹200 crore ethanol plant at Chhata (Mathura) with 3.96 crore litres/year capacity, reviving a sugar mill shut for 19 years; a new Toy Manufacturing Incentive Policy also cleared.
- 87 tech-equipped interceptor vehicles (four- and two-wheelers) inducted to strengthen highway and city patrolling.
- Gallantry medals for 26 personnel (16 announced on Republic Day 2025, 10 on Republic Day 2026), from constables to IPS officers.
- Widow of STF Inspector Sunil Kumar (posthumous Kirti Chakra, 2026; killed in the Jhinjhana, Shamli encounter) honoured.
- CM released 'Sangharsh', a book on police reform by former UP DGP Prakash Singh, the petitioner in the landmark 2006 Supreme Court case.
- Priorities: finishing works at the ghats and Ram ki Paidi, city-wide cleanliness, crowd and traffic management.
- Preparations for the 14-Kosi and 5-Kosi Parikrama are being reviewed along with Deepotsav.
- Ayodhya Deepotsav (started in 2017) has set successive world records for the largest display of oil lamps.
- Wheat ₹2,610 (+₹25), mustard ₹6,613 (+₹413), lentil ₹7,390 (+₹390), gram ₹5,958 (+₹83), barley ₹2,286 (+₹136), safflower ₹7,215 (+₹675).
- Expected margin over all-India weighted cost: wheat 106% (highest), mustard 96%, lentil 92%.
- MSP is fixed at at least 1.5× the cost of production, based on CACP recommendations and approved by the CCEA.
- Gross GST: ₹2.04 lakh crore (+14.7%); net after refunds ₹1.77 lakh crore (+18.1%).
- Import GST up 25.9% (₹65,525 crore) vs domestic GST up 10.1% (₹1.38 lakh crore).
- Uttar Pradesh: ₹8,882 crore (+18%), the highest growth among the top four states (Maharashtra, Karnataka, Gujarat, UP).
- Apr–Sept FY27 gross GST: ₹12.46 lakh crore (+11.6%).
- Outlay of ₹1,86,405 crore to strengthen intra-state transmission and deploy Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS).
- Will help evacuate up to 135 GW of renewable energy capacity.
- Also cleared: a ₹1,789.52 crore Intelligent Traffic Management System for Delhi (42 corridors).
Prelims rapid-fire — 24 facts
| Ashok Singhal centenary: Year-long celebrations launched in Lucknow on 27 Sep (born 27 Sep 1926) |
| PRD volunteers: Daily duty allowance raised to ₹600; ~27,794 beneficiaries |
| Chhata (Mathura): 120 KLPD ethanol plant approved at the Chhata sugar mill |
| Smart schools: 14,429 UP primary schools to be upgraded (₹300 cr) |
| WEF T&T Index 2026: India rises 9 places to 31st; Japan tops |
| CBSE Chairperson: Mandeep K. Bhandari (IAS, 2001 batch) appointed |
| Asian Games medallist (UP): Parul Chaudhary (Meerut, UP Police DSP) — bronze in 3000m steeplechase (NR 9:08.67) & 5000m |
| Award (health): UP honoured as top large State for ABDM-enabled HMIS in sub-centres at Arogya Manthan 2026 |
| Transport: Namo Bharat (Delhi–Meerut RRTS) launches trip passes of up to 40 journeys |
| Education: Sai Global University, Kol tehsil (Aligarh) — Letter of Intent approved |
| Security: Land approved for NSG regional hub at Milkipur (Ayodhya) |
| Festival / Culture: Vishwakarma Jayanti (17 Sept) — Vishwakarma Swarojgar & Swadeshi Mela, Lucknow |
| Dinesh Sharma (former UP Deputy CM, ex-Lucknow Mayor) — 15th Lt Governor of Andaman & Nicobar. |
| UP Legislative Council polls: 11 seats (5 Graduates' + 6 Teachers'), voting 23 Oct. |
| ODOC — One District One Cuisine — UP's food-branding twin of ODOP, highlighted at UPITS 2026. |
| NSG regional hub approved on land in Ayodhya. |
| Chitrakoot Link Expressway: 15.172 km, six-lane, ₹1,008.67 crore (Bundelkhand connectivity). |
| UP Rajya Sabha strength: 31 seats — largest of any state; 10 up for election on 16 Oct. |
| UPITS 2026 partner countries: 6: Russia, Austria, Japan, Singapore, Belarus, Vietnam |
| New UP food-branding initiative: One District, One Cuisine (ODOC), alongside ODOP |
| UP Startup Policy 2026: New UP Startup Mission; ₹1,000 crore Startup Fund |
| Kirti Chakra (posthumous), 2026: STF Inspector Sunil Kumar (Shamli encounter) |
| Swachhata Hi Seva 2026 theme: Swachhata Mein Sahbhag, Swachh Bharat, Viksit Bharat |
| Shastri's birthplace (UP): Mughalsarai (Pt. DDU Nagar), Chandauli; born 2 Oct 1904 |
Data points of the period
637 approved projects across 762 urban local bodies; 114 completed so far
Up 142.5% from ₹2,680 crore in 2025
₹2.84 lakh crore of ₹9.99 lakh crore; target 60% by November
Fastest growth among India's top four GST-collecting states this month.
8 practice MCQs — UPPSC Prelims pattern
Q1. With reference to the UP International Trade Show (UPITS) 2026, consider the following statements: 1. It was the fourth edition, held at Greater Noida. 2. Japan and Russia were among its partner countries. 3. 'ODOC' showcased at the event stands for 'One District, One Crop'. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
UPITS 4.0 was held at India Expo Centre & Mart, Greater Noida, with six partner countries incl. Japan and Russia. ODOC means 'One District, One Cuisine', so statement 3 is wrong.
Q2. Which of the following ports were notified as 'mega ports' under the Indian Ports Act, 2025? 1. Paradip 2. Mundra 3. Vizhinjam 4. Deendayal (Kandla). Select the correct answer:
- 1, 2 and 4 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 2, 3 and 4 only
- 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
The four notified mega ports are Deendayal (Kandla), JNPA, Paradip and Mundra; Vizhinjam is not on the list.
Q3. With reference to the UP International Trade Show (UPITS) 2026, consider the following statements: 1. It was the fourth edition, held at Greater Noida. 2. Russia was its only partner country. 3. MoUs worth about ₹6,500 crore were signed. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 and 2 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
The 2026 edition (25–29 Sept) had six partner countries — Russia, Austria, Japan, Singapore, Belarus and Vietnam — so statement 2 is wrong.
Q4. Consider the following about the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council: 1. It has 100 members. 2. One-twelfth of its members are elected by graduates of at least three years' standing. 3. Teachers' constituency voters must have taught for at least three years in institutions not lower than secondary school. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Article 171(3)(b) and (c) provide 1/12 seats each for graduates and teachers; UP's Council has 100 members.
Q5. In the 2026 biennial Rajya Sabha election in Uttar Pradesh for 10 seats, with an effective Assembly strength of 397, how many first-preference votes does a candidate need to win?
- 36
- 37
- 40
- 41
Show answer
Quota = [397 ÷ (10 + 1)] + 1 = 36.09 + 1; ignoring the fraction, 37 votes are required.
Q6. Consider the following statements about Masuriya Din: 1. He was a member of the Constituent Assembly. 2. He belonged to the Pasi community. 3. He campaigned against the Criminal Tribes Act. Which of the statements given above are correct?
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
All three are correct: born in Prayagraj (1911), he was a Constituent Assembly member, a Pasi leader and fought the Criminal Tribes Act.
Q7. Consider the following statements about events linked to Uttar Pradesh: 1. The Chauri Chaura incident took place in Gorakhpur district in 1922. 2. Lal Bahadur Shastri was born in Mughalsarai, now in Chandauli district. 3. Kashi Vidyapith was founded after the Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Chauri Chaura (Gorakhpur) took place on 4 Feb 1922 and Shastri was born at Mughalsarai (Chandauli) on 2 Oct 1904. Kashi Vidyapith was founded on 10 Feb 1921, during the movement, a year before it was withdrawn, so statement 3 is wrong.
Q8. With reference to the Minimum Support Prices for Rabi Marketing Season 2027-28, which crop received the highest absolute increase?
- Wheat
- Rapeseed & Mustard
- Lentil (Masur)
- Safflower
Show answer
Safflower rose by ₹675 to ₹7,215 per quintal; mustard (+₹413) and lentil (+₹390) followed, while wheat rose only ₹25 to ₹2,610.
Mains practice questions
- "ODOP, GI tagging and trade platforms like UPITS can turn Uttar Pradesh's MSME base into an export engine." Examine. (GS-VI, 125 words)
- Trade fairs such as UPITS and schemes like ODOP aim to plug Uttar Pradesh's MSMEs into global value chains. Examine their role and limits in UP's pursuit of a $1 trillion economy. (125 words)
- "Back-loaded public spending weakens outcomes." Examine this statement in the context of Uttar Pradesh's 2026-27 budget execution and suggest reforms. (UPPSC GS-VI, 125 words)
- "Police reform in India remains a story of judicial directives awaiting full implementation." Examine this with reference to the Prakash Singh judgment and recent modernisation steps in Uttar Pradesh. (200 words)
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